The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed, or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. photo src: johnandmarylivingitupinecuador.wordpress.com. O. F. Cook was one of the earliest modern researchers to draw conclusions about the location of origin of Cocos nucifera based on its current-day worldwide distribution. Needs to Be Well-Drained. And no coconut can float over the sea faster than a balsa raft moves with the wind behind it.". In Karnataka, sweets are prepared using coconut and dry coconut copra. Coconuts are generally classified into two general types: tall and dwarf. This, together with their use of the South American sweet potato, suggests that Austronesian peoples may have sailed as far east as the Americas. Coconut palms require warm conditions for successful growth, and are intolerant of cold weather. Coconuts palms grow best with minimum temperatures of 72°F (22°C). They were commonly carried by Spanish ships as a source of sweet water. Dropped coconuts float for miles and wash ashore only to germinate and produce a new palm tree. Video of the Day The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. The female flower is much larger than the male flower. Coconut tree grows only in the tropical climate. The term is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese and Spanish word coco meaning "head" or "skull", from the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. Coconut oil is increasingly used in the food industry. In South Carolina you could grow citrus trees this way. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu and the Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog is said to be based on the Malay word nyiur or nyior. Not growing well in climates that are dry, coconut palms in the U.S. thrive growing along coastal regions where conditions are warm and freezing temperature don’t occur. In the United States, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. Coconut palms are damaged when temperatures drop below freezing. This tall, stately palm won’t tolerate climates that experience winter freezes. what's more, you can likewise discovered it in a shoreline. Coconut milk, not to be confused with coconut water, is obtained primarily by extracting juice by pressing the grated coconut white kernel or by passing hot water or milk through grated coconut, which extracts the oil and aromatic compounds. Briefly, the coconut originated in the coral atoll ecosystem -- without human intervention -- and required a thick husk and slow germination to survive and disperse. They are now almost ubiquitous between 26° N and 26° S except for the interiors of Africa and South America. I planned to eventually build a greenhouse like this and grow at least a couple of coconut palms in it just for fun… but now that I’m moving further south it’s not going to happen. The husks and leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decorating. Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. It has a total fat content of 24%, most of which (89%) is saturated fat, with lauric acid as a major fatty acid. In the Philippines, this alcoholic drink is called lambanog or "coconut vodka". The possibilities are fascinating! Coconuts could not reach inland locations without human intervention (to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc.) Coconut palms grow well in a variety of soils as long as it is well draining. In Kerala, coconut trunks are used for house construction. Later, the endosperm matures and deposits onto the coconut rind during the cellular phase. The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are incrossing, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. Another tall variety of coconut with 65-68 % of oil content. photo src: www.gardeningknowhow.com Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. It can be seen on all the scouting paraphernalia that elementary (SMA) school children wear, as well as on the scouting pins and flags. Similarly in Sri Lanka, coconut flowers, standing in brass urns, are placed in prominent positions. Some South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Pacific Ocean cultures have origin myths in which the coconut plays the main role. Although these modifications for domestication would reduce the fruit's ability to float, this ability would be irrelevant to a cultivated population. Coconut tree does not tolerate low temperatures and low percent of humidity. Copra, or the inner meat, is an important economical product with such things as coconut oil, various cosmetics and personal care items made from it, as well as margarine, soap and food. The palm is a common sight along the sandy shores of tropical islands of the world. Coconut palms are hardy growing throughout the warmest regions of the Florida, which entails Stuart on the eastern coast, and Punta Gorda on the western coast, south to Key West. The decreased buoyancy and increased fragility of this spherical, thin-husked fruit would not matter for a species that had started to be dispersed by humans and grown in plantations. Coconut water serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during its nuclear phase of development. Coconut meat can be eaten as a snack sweetened with jaggery or molasses. The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEAN-Canada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. The "Tramps" began the tradition circa 1901. The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. As early human communities began to harvest coconuts for eating and planting, they (perhaps unintentionally) selected for a larger endosperm-to-husk ratio and a broader, spherical base, which rendered the fruit useful as a cup or bowl, thus creating the niu vai type. Apical buds of adult plants are edible, and are known as "palm cabbage" or heart of palm. Native to tropical islands in the western pacific, the coconut palm is probably what comes to mind for many when you say the phrase "palm tree." The gross production was 15 million tonnes. Coconuts form and grow on coconut palm trees, the largest of which grow from 50 to 80 feet tall. Like other fruits, it has three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. If you live in a warm area such as Florida and some parts of California, Texas, and others, you can easily grown a coconut tree right in your garden. Some cultivars such as 'Fiji dwarf' form a large bulb at the lower stem and others are cultivated to produce very sweet coconut water with orange-coloured husks (king coconut) used entirely in fruit stalls for drinking (Sri Lanka, India). Newly germinated coconuts contain an edible fluff of marshmallow-like consistency called coconut sprout, produced as the endosperm nourishes the developing embryo. Human cultivation of the coconut selected, not for larger size, but for thinner husks and increased volume of endosperm, the solid "meat" or liquid "water" that provides the fruit its food value. The specific name nucifera is Latin for "nut-bearing". 9 years ago. Coconut water can be fermented to produce coconut vinegar. The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. The cups were frequently engraved and decorated with precious metals. Coconut flowers are auspicious symbols and are fixtures at Hindu and Buddhist weddings and other important occasions. Coconut ground with spices is mixed in sambar and other various lunch dishes for extra taste. CAPB may cause mild skin irritation, but allergic reactions to CAPB are rare and probably related to impurities rendered during the manufacturing process (which include amidoamine and dimethylaminopropylamine) rather than CAPB itself. In Hindu wedding ceremonies, a coconut is placed over the opening of a pot, representing a womb. Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. It is spread by host insects, that thrive on heavy turf grasses. The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). Coconut flour has also been developed for use in baking, to combat malnutrition. As mentioned previously, Coconut trees only grow on sand! Trees found growing in Bermuda's marshy inland areas enjoy a similar degree of success, as they are also able to tap directly into a constant supply of water. This typically leads to a reduction in fruit yield (sometimes as few as one or two mature fruits), as well as a reduced milk content inside the coconut that often causes the fruit to be infertile. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore and Tirupur regions top the production list. As per 2014-15 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.84%), Karnataka (25.15%), Kerala (23.96%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.16%). The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). Areas of the U.S. where the palm will grow consist of south-central and southern areas of Florida, southern most areas of Texas, and southern areas of California along the coast. They include the Tall- tree and the Dwarf varieties and grow 11 different types of coconuts. Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a tap root nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. However their historical distribution was likely more limited. Wiki User: billy1847 (Creative Commons) Planted this coconut tree I brought from Honolulu airport about 10 years ago. In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). Other sources use the term polygamomonoecious. However, whilst cooler winter temperatures may be a factor in reducing fruit production, the primary reason for the reduced yield is a lack of water. Coconut meat, coconut milk, and coconut water are often used in main courses, desserts, and soups throughout the archipelago. Because coconuts come from palm trees, most people assume that a palm tree and a coconut tree are the same thing. In particular, the area around Salalah maintains large coconut plantations similar to those found across the Arabian Sea in Kerala. Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki: "The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. Coconuts have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution thanks to human action in using them for agriculture. A coconut tree is also included in the country's national emblem and coat of arms. The vast majority of commercial planting of the palm are confined to the lowlands in the tropics. In the Ilocos region of the northern Philippines, the Ilocano people fill two halved coconut shells with diket (cooked sweet rice), and place liningta nga itlog (halved boiled egg) on top of it. and early germination on the palm (vivipary) was important, rather than increasing the number or size of the edible parts of a fruit that was already large enough. Coconut palms are believed to be largely cross-pollinated, although some dwarf varieties are self-pollinating. ?o D?a in B?n Tre. Some dried coconut is purely coconut, but others are manufactured with other ingredients, such as sugar, propylene glycol, salt, and sodium metabisulfite. In tantric practices, coconuts are sometimes used as substitutes for human skulls. All coconut items, as unadulterated natural coconut oil, coconut sugar, and coconut flour, are solid and better than average. These palm trees grow on or nearby the beach in tropical climates all over the world. More recently, genomic analysis of cultivated coconut (C. nucifera L.) has shed light on the movement. In order to thrive, the coconut requires humidity of tropical areas. Mature fruits have significantly less liquid than young, immature coconuts, barring spoilage. The coconuts are covered with a green husk that turns into a brown seed as the time goes by. It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents. In America, coconuts are found primarily in two States, Florida and Hawaii. Brontispa longissima (coconut leaf beetle) feeds on young leaves, and damages both seedlings and mature coconut palms. 0 0. thinkingtiger. In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. Coconut – Growing. Some countries in Southeast Asia use special coconut mutant called Kopyor coconut (Kopyor in Indonesia) or macapuno (in the Philippines) as dessert drinks. The white, fleshy part of the seed, the coconut meat, is used fresh or dried in cooking, especially in confections and desserts such as macaroons. Salty, brackish soils do not affect coastline coconut palms, and the trees do well despite it. The milk can be used to produce virgin coconut oil by controlled heating and removal of the oil fraction. Palm trees produce both fruit and flowers. A dried half coconut shell with husk can be used to buff floors. Tannin produces negative effects on sapling growth. Though Kerala has the largest number of coconut trees, in terms of production per hectare, Tamil Nadu leads all other states. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009 yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. Narali Purnima is celebrated on a full moon day which usually signifies the end of monsoon season in India. It is consumed throughout the humid tropics, and has been introduced into the retail market as a processed sports drink. Coconuts are commonly grown around the northern coast of Australia, and in some warmer parts of New South Wales. In Canada you could grow Japanese persimmons. Coconut palms are typically found in warm, humid regions located along the coast between latitudes 26 degrees south and north. The word 'Narali' is derived from naral implying 'coconut' in Marathi. Puttu is a culinary delicacy of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, in which layers of coconut alternate with layers of powdered rice, all of which fit into a bamboo stalk. Coconut juice and coconut milk are used, especially in Vietnam's southern style of cooking, including kho, chè, and curry (cà ri). In Vanuatu, coconut palms for copra production are generally spaced 9 m (30 ft) apart, allowing a tree density of 100 to 160 per hectare (40 to 65 per acre). In the Laccadives it forms the chief food, each person consuming four nuts per day, and the fluid, commonly called milk, which it contains, affords them an agreeable beverage. In Vietnam, coconut is grown abundantly across central and southern Vietnam, and especially in B?n Tre Province, often called the "land of the coconut". Coconut juice is also a popular drink in the country. In Thailand, the coconut husk is used as a potting medium to produce healthy forest tree saplings. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5 million farmers. Therefore, heavy turf grass environments (beach resorts and golf courses) also pose a major threat to local coconut trees. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. The use of coconut branches in corporal punishment was revived in the Gilbertese community on Choiseul in the Solomon Islands in 2005. Often it is decorated with bright metal foils and other symbols of auspiciousness. Thailand has been raising and training pig-tailed macaques to pick coconuts for around 400 years. Tempurung, as the shell is called in the Malay language, can be used as a soup bowl and--if fixed with a handle--a ladle. Traditionally, dessert banana plants and local wild beach flora such as Scaevola taccada and Ipomoea pes-caprae were used as humidity-supplying green undergrowth for coconut trees, mixed with sea almond and sea hibiscus. This is what a coconut tree is supposed to look like, in the Arab state of Oman. Coconut trees (cocos nucifera scientific name) grow like weeds in its homeland of Southeast Asia, as they do in the tropics across the globe. When left to ferment on its own, it becomes palm wine. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). The number of roots produced depends on the age of the tree and the environment, with more than 3,600 roots possible on a tree that is 60 to 70 years old. Spraying with wettable sulfur 0.4% or with Neem-based pesticides can give some relief, but is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Some of the dwarf cultivars such as 'Malayan dwarf' have shown some promising resistance to lethal yellowing, while other cultivars such as 'Jamaican tall' are highly affected by the same plant disease. Fishermen give an offering of coconut to the sea to celebrate the beginning of a new fishing season. Coconut oil is also a main ingredient in Ayurvedic oils. Coconuts are commonly grown around the northern coast of Australia, and in some warmer parts of New South Wales. After the coconut has soaked, place it in a container filled with well-draining potting soil. Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant manufactured from coconut oil that is increasingly used as an ingredient in personal hygiene products and cosmetics, such as shampoos, liquid soaps, cleansers and antiseptics, among others. The coconut palm root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface. Hindus often initiate the beginning of any new activity by breaking a coconut to ensure the blessings of the gods and successful completion of the activity. Part 1 Gasa suggested, for lack of paper, delivering by dugout canoe a message inscribed on a husked coconut shell, reading "Nauru Isl commander / native knows posit / he can pilot / 11 alive need small boat / Kennedy." Coconut palms are grown in more than 90 countries of the world, with a total production of 61 million tonnes per year (table). It is often stated that coconuts can travel 110 days, or 3,000 miles (4,800 km), by sea and still be able to germinate. In the Hawaiian Islands, the coconut is regarded as a Polynesian introduction, first brought to the islands by early Polynesian voyagers from their homelands in Oceania. Q: Can you tell me what variety of coconut tree might grow well and produce fruit in Griffin, Georgia? The coconut palm is grown throughout the tropics for decoration, as well as for its many culinary and nonculinary uses; virtually every part of the coconut palm can be used by humans in some manner and has significant economic value. A: Your dreams of a backyard supply of pina colada ingredients will be unfulfilled. A full-sized coconut weighs about 1.44 kg (3.2 lb). A step-by-step guide on how to grow a Coconut palm tree from a store-bought dehusked Coconut. Dishes garnished with grated coconut are generally referred to as poduthol in North Malabar and thoran in Kerala. Solkadhi, a drink made from coconut milk and kokum, is usually consumed after meals. He hypothesized that the coconut originated in the Americas, based on his belief that American coconut populations predated European contact and because he considered pan-tropical distribution by ocean currents improbable. The palm produces both the female and male flowers on the same inflorescence; thus, the palm is monoecious. The conditions required for coconut trees to grow without any care are: The main limiting factor for most locations which satisfy the rainfall and temperature requirements is canopy growth, except those locations near coastlines, where the sandy soil and salt spray limit the growth of most other trees. nana). The palm performs best in well-drained soils with a pH of 5.0 to 8.0 and tolerates areas experiencing periodic flooding. Coconut trees also are increasingly grown for decorative purposes along the coasts of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia with the help of irrigation. All coconut trees have thin trunks and large, graceful leaves that may be 15 to 17 feet in length. Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. In Sanskrit, it is kalpa vriksha ("the tree which provides all the necessities of life"). In some parts of the world (Thailand and Malaysia), trained pig-tailed macaques are used to harvest coconuts. The pal… Before modern construction methods were introduced, coconut leaves were used as roofing material for many houses in the islands, while coconut timber was used to build houses and boats. They form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Man is the main distributor of the palm throughout the different areas, but it also distributes itself through natural means. Coconut trees are grown on all the islands. Every day, thousands of coconuts are broken, and some devotees break as many as 108 coconuts at a time as per the prayer. These vary by the taste of the coconut water and color of the fruit, as well as other genetic factors. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37 °C (82 and 99 °F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 4-12 °C (39-54 °F); they will survive brief drops to 0 °C (32 °F). The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, the most valuable of Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. The "branches" (leaf petioles) are strong and flexible enough to make a switch. Palm wine is distilled to produce arrack. Coconut trees are lovely plants that produce tasty fruit. The artificial landscaping may have been the cause for lethal yellowing, a viral coconut palm disease that leads to the death of the tree. Dried coconut is also used as the filling for many chocolate bars. The aim is to knock a coconut off the stand and win it. Coconut is an indispensable ingredient in Indonesian cuisine. It is suitable for growing … In parts of South India, the shell and husk are burned for smoke to repel mosquitoes. The tree’s preferred climate and soils include: The various products made from coconut palms are important to many economies throughout the world where the tree thrives. Picking the coconut fruit is a challenge as the tree is very tall. Coconut palms, or Cocos nucifera, are moderate growers with a year-long, active growth period and an average life span. In Kerala, coconut flowers must be present during a marriage ceremony. We know from early Spanish documents that they deliberately planted coconuts shortly after first contact, and some nuts would certainly have self-seeded when they floated ashore following shipwrecks. With this, it will no more be considered as a tree and no permission will be required by the forest department before cutting a coconut tree. People from southern India also make chutney, which involves grinding the coconut with salt, chillies, and whole spices. Flowering occurs continuously. It is used to make coconut candy, caramel, and jelly. They are very much grown in Florida’s tropical region, but the ones in California and Arizona are not coconut palm trees. Coconut water is traditionally used as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture and micropropagation. Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. By examining 10 microsatellite loci, researchers found two genetically distinct subpopulations of coconut--one originating in the Indian Ocean, the other in the Pacific Ocean. 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